Murder-suicide
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A murder-suicide is an act in which an individual kills one or more other persons immediately before, or at the same time as, killing him or herself.
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Combinations
The combination of murder and suicide can take various forms, including:
- Suicide to facilitate murder, as in suicide bombing
- Suicide after murder to escape punishment
- Suicide after murder as a form of self-punishment due to guilt
- Having a combined objective of suicide and murder
- Joint suicide in the form of killing the other with consent, and then killing oneself
- Punishment - taking revenge on those deemed responsible and escaping the world seen as a terrible place, as in many school shootings.
Many spree killings have ended in suicide. Some cases of cult suicide may also involve murder.
Homicide and Suicide
According to the psychiatrist Karl A. Menninger, murder and suicide are interchangeable acts - suicide sometimes forestalling murder, and vice versa.[1] Following Freudian logic, severe repression of natural instincts due to early childhood abuse, may lead the death instinct to emerge in a twisted form. The cultural anthropologist Ernest Becker, whose theories on the human notion of death is strongly influenced by Freud, views the fear of death as a universal phenomenon, a fear repressed in the unconscious and of which people are largely unaware. This fear can move individuals toward heroism, but also to scapegoating. Failed attempts to achieve heroism, according to this view, can lead to mental illness and/or antisocial behavior.[2]
In a research specifically related to murder-suicide, (1990) discovered the murder-suicide perpetrators to be vastly different from perpetrators of homicide alone. Whereas murderer-suicides were found to be highly depressed and overwhelmingly men, other murderers were not generally depressed and more likely to include women in their ranks.[3]
See also
References
- ^ Karl Menninger quote
- ^ Katherine van Wormer & Chuk Odiah, Journal of Criminal Justice, 27(4), 361-370.
- ^ Katherine van Wormer & Chuk Odiah, Journal of Criminal Justice, 27(4), 361-370.
External links
- QPR Institute statistics from a suicide prevention program
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